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John Aaron Rawlins : ウィキペディア英語版 | John Aaron Rawlins
John Aaron Rawlins (February 13, 1831 September 6, 1869) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. A confidant of Ulysses S. Grant, Rawlins served on Grant's staff throughout the war, rising to the rank of brevet major general, and was Grant's chief defender against allegations of insobriety. After the war, he was appointed Secretary of War when Grant was elected President of the United States, but died of advanced tuberculosis five months into his term. ==Early years== Rawlins was born on February 13, 1831 in Galena, Illinois, the son of James Dawson and Lovisa Collier Rawlins both of Scotch-Irish descent whose ancestors originally settled in Culpeper County, Virginia. Rawlin's father James was born in Kentucky and lived a carefree lifestyle as a farmer in Missouri and Illinois. His father James also made a living charcoal burning. In 1849, James migrated to California, during the Gold Rush and stayed there for three years. While his father James was absent, Rawlins had to take care of his mother, his sister, and six brothers. Upon James return, without finding any gold, he half heartedly devoted his time to his family and timber farm, while Rawlins had taken increasing responsibility as a caretaker. Rawlins blamed his father James carefree lifestyle and lack of attention to his family on strong drink. His fathers behavior effected his own attitudes and fears toward alcohol. According to historian Bruce Catton, Rawlins abstained from alcohol, however, he retained a personal fear that he would not be able to stop drinking if he himself took a drink. Rawlins early education was scanty having attended local schools in the area and a year and a half at Rock River Seminary at Mt. Morris, Illinois. Rawlins then studied law under Isaac P. Stevens of Galena, Illinois and was admitted to the bar in 1854. Rawlins practiced law with Stevens and later with Rawlin's own pupil David Sheean. Politically Rawlins aligned himself with the Democratic Party.
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